Garments Dyeing with Reactive Dyes (Hot Brand)

Recipe:

Wetting agent = 0.5-1 g/L

Sequestering agent = 0.-1 g/L

Anti-foaming agent = 0.5-1 g/L

Dyes = X%

Glauber salt = Y g/L

Alkali = Z g/L

Time = 30-60 minute

Temperature = 90-100ºC

pH = 10.5-11

	Shade (X) %
	Up to 1%	(1-3)%	>3%
Salt (Y)	20-40 g/L	40-60 g/L	60-80 g/L
Alkali (Z)	5-10 g/L	10-15 g/L	15-20 g/L

 Process Curve: 

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Water Repellent and Water Proof Finishes

Certain end use of textiles such as umbrella cloth, swim suit, sports wear, rain coat, tarpaulin etc. need water repellency or water proofing.

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Reactive Dye

By three basic units, all reactive dyes are made up. These three basic units are chromophore, a bridge and reactive group/groups. To dye cellulosic fibers these dyes are used. Here formed a covalent bond with hydroxyl group of the fiber by chemically reacting with fiber when these applied to a cellulosic fiber in an alkaline dye bath.

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Twist Contraction and Retraction

The yarn contains fibers which remain in extended state individually. By twisting, the yarn along with fibers is contracted and its mass per unit length increases. Again by de-twisting, the filament of yarn gets extended. For staple fiber yarn, this phenomenon is called contraction and for filament yarn, this is called twist retraction.

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Difference between Rib Weave and Matt Weave

The difference between rib weave and matt weave is given below:

Rib Weave	Matt Weave
1. It produces rib or cord effect.	1. It is the combination of warp and weft rib.
2. Repeat size may not be a square.	2. Repeat size may be a square.
3. Two types of rib weave: warp and weft.	3. Four types of matt weave: regular, irregular, stitched, fancy.
4. Tight structure.	4. Loose structure.
5. Less resistance to tearing.	5. More resistance to tearing.
6. Fabric surface not so smooth as matt weave.	6. Fabric surface is smooth.

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Viscose Rayon

Viscose is a man made, natural polymer, cellulosic or regenerated cellulose filament or staple fiber. According to U.S. Federal Trade Commission “Rayon is a manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose in which substituent’s have replaced not more than 15% of the hydrogen’s of the hydroxyl groups”.

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Ring frame

The machine in which the final draft is given to the roving and converted to yarn is called ring frame.

Function of ring frame:

1. Attenuation of roving to produce required count of yarn.
2. Insert required amount of twist in drafting strand.
3. Winding the yarn on to a bobbin.

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Retting

To separate the flax fiber from the plant stem of flax is called Retting. Retting is four types. They are:

1. Dam retting.
2. Water retting.
3. Dew retting.
4. Chemical retting.

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Ramie

Ramie is a bast fiber. Another name of Ramie is China Grass. Now a days Ramie produced mainly in South America, Korea,

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Garments Dyeing Machine

Garments Dyeing Machine can be classified into two groups based on their construction:

1. Pedal Garments Dyeing Machine.
2. Rotary Garments Dyeing Machine.

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